Exclusive: our English Woke-French dictionary

"Wokism", a word that has become pejorative, designates a militant movement bringing together various fights against sexist, racist, homophobic injustices, and against the environment.The word "woke" comes from the slang of black Americans, it is a deformation of Woken (awake), the past participle of Wake: in the black American community, the injunction to remain politically "awake" against racist violencedates back to the time of slavery.

Being "woke" today is being aware of various injustices often anchored and unconscious.And do not let them pass, even if it means passing for the painful service.

La suite après la publicité

Around this idea was summoned a myriad of concepts, forged by various militant struggles, sometimes old.Here is a small dictionary to find your way around.

Agenre.Feeling no kind (man or woman).To designate an agenre person (or non -binary people), the WOKE label requires the use of the "IEL" pronoun: neither he, nor she (or both).

Cultural appropriation.Action consisting in appropriating elements of cultures of dominated peoples (Amerindians, black American, African, colonized peoples ...).Example: in 2019 the Canadian white comic, Zach Poitras, was excluded from Montreal humor evenings because of its Dreadlocks, considered as an unacceptable appropriation of an element of the Rastafari culture.Note that the real woke refuse to say "woke" because the expression comes from African-American militant currents: claiming it, explained the ecologist Sandrine Rousseau, is "appropriation".

Blanchity.French translation of "Whiteness", concept developed by the Critical Race Theory.Mental and cultural universe in which whites have been bathed since their childhood and which, if they are not deconstructed (see this word), prevents them from seeing both the material privileges they benefit from and the discrimination suffered by "racialized".Blanchity values individualism, competition, the majority rule, property, blondeur etc.

La suite après la publicitéLilian Thuram : « On ne naît pas blanc, on le devient »

Binarity.Design of the world in two very distinct gender categories, man/woman.Antonym: non-binity.

Ni fille ni garçon, mais quoi alors ? Réponse en huit témoignages

Cancel Culture.Collective ostracization of a work, or an artist, an intellectual, of a public figure that strikes the sensitivity of dominated people.Campaigns often go through social networks.Example: under pressure, the Rolling Stones gave up singing "Brown Sugar" (song that evokes the body of a black woman) in public.Cancel Culture is the most radical - and therefore the most criticized - part of the Woke universe.

Aux Etats-Unis, une « cancel culture » peut en cacher une autre

Cisgenre.Person whose gender corresponds to sex assigned to birth.Example: a man who thinks he is a man, a woman who thinks she is a woman.Antonym: transgender.

Rape culture.Everything that in society encourages or excuses rape.The police officer who advises against a woman to file a complaint against her husband, the filmmaker who films a forced kiss by presenting him in a positive light, the little boy lets lift the skirts of the girls, the video that explains "how to make it drinkA maximum girl "... This" culture ", which denies the need for women's consent, consolidates the frequency of rape.The concept appeared in the United States in the 1970s.

La suite après la publicité

Deadname (Moromnom in Quebecois).Former name of a person who has changed gender."He has downright deadname": he revealed his old name without his consent (a very offensive attitude).

Decolonize.Disable stereotypes from colonization and which continue to have effects in whites behavior.It is necessary to "decolonize mentalities", "representations" etc.

« Othello » de Arnaud Churin, une pièce où, selon le parti pris du metteur en scène, seul le maure de Venise est blanc.

Of construction.During the debate with Yannick Jadot, on September 22 on LCI, Sandrine Rousseau surprised by declaring: "I live with a man deconstructing and I am super happy".Today, in the militant sphere, deconstruction aims to analyze its own attitudes, actions and racist, sexist, homophobic prejudices etc.which are often unconscious.The approach was theorized in the 1970s by the French philosopher Jacques Derrida: in the wake of psychoanalysis and structuralism, it was a question of exposing the implicit values of a discourse, an ideology, ainstitution.From that time, the Frenchman Colette Guillaumin had proposed to deconstruct social relationships of race and gender.

Etre un homme déconstruit, tu sais c’est pas si facile

Ecofemism.Theory connecting the domination of men over women and humans over nature, including mechanisms - such as objectification, depreciation, predation ... - would be the same.The term was used in 1974 by Françoise d'Eaubonne ("feminism or death"), but the movement took off in the 1980s in the United States.

La suite après la publicité

Inclusive writing.Graphic and syntactic elements allowing equality of representations between women and men.Example: "Inclusive writing does not appeal to the teacher of French" (or more simply: "inclusive writing does not appeal to all French teachers").As early as the 1970s, feminists asked the question of epicene language (cf. Benoîte Groult, "So be it", 1977).What most bristles the contemptors of inclusive writing are the new words ("writer") or the resurrected words ("author") as well as the median point, slightly higher than the usual point (example: "Youare couillon · s · s »)

Ecriture inclusive : les avis de 8 voix de la littérature

Feminicide.Murder of a woman motivated by misogyny, or by the feeling of domination over her.The word existed in the 19th century, but it resurfaced in the 1970s, with the intention of legally distinguishing it from a homicide, and to underline the frequent impunity of the authors.

Fluidity.Concept expressing the idea that there is no break between the male and feminine genre, but a continuum.A "genderfluid" or "non-binary" person does not feel belonging to a precise, male or feminine genre.She may not feel of any kind (she is then "agenre") or both at the same time, concomitantly or alternately (she is then "bigenre").

Grossophobia.Contempt and discrimination targeting overweight people.

La suite après la publicité

Intersectionality.Originally (Kimberlé Crenshaw, late 1980s), it is a sociological approach to analyze crossed "dominations" (sexist, racist, class, etc.) that cross society.In the militant vocabulary, it is an approach that emphasizes the cumulation of these discrimination (ex: a racial and lesbian woman).Before the appearance of the word "woke", we were happy to describe this current of "intersectional activism".

Invisibilization.Attitude consisting in not taking into account women or minorities, and to be indifferent to what they do.

Heteronormativity.Everything that in society consolidates the idea that heterosexuality is "normal" or even desirable.

LGBTQIA+.Acronym referring to lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queers, intersex, asexual (the + "etc").Avoid saying "LGBT" is excluding for all the others.The acronym continues to lie down.The most purist, in the United States, say lgbttqqiaap: lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, transsexual, queer, questioning (people who wonder about themselves), Intersex, Asexual/Aromantic, Agender, Pansexual.

La suite après la publicité

Male Gaze.Or "male look": designates the dominant male and heterosexual culture (in the press, the photo, the cinema, the pub etc.).This concept was forged in the 1970s by Laura Mulvey (Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema).Example: a camera that dwells greedily on a woman's body.

Mansplaining (or "guysplication", even "penisplication" in Quebec).For a man, explain women in a doctor tone to women, as if he spoke to children.Tins that women already know (cf. "These men who explain my life to me", by Rebecca Solnit).The same man can indulge in "manterruting" when he spoke to a woman during a debate, which would not do if it were a male interlocutor.

MansPREADING.For a man, sit by spreading his legs (in the metro for example) without thinking that he is taking up space at the expense of women.Also called "crystal balls" syndrome ".

Le « manspreading », entre le « pas trop grave » et l’absolu tragique

Toxic masculinity.Masculinity becomes "toxic" when it complies with supposed "virile" stereotypes of behavior like brutality ("ah, boys will always be boys"), domination ("it is him or it is the onePants? "), Competition (" It's a cock competition "), or simply the repression of emotions (" A boy, that doesn't cry! ").This toxic masculinity harms women, but also men themselves and more generally to society.

La suite après la publicitéExtrait d’une pub Gillette dénonçant la masculinité toxique

Megenrate.Designate (voluntarily or not) one person by a genre that does not correspond to their gender identity.In V.O .: "To Misgender".

Not.Practice consisting in organizing meetings reserved for people victims of the same discrimination (women, racialized, people with disabilities ...) to be able to talk about it quietly.Experience shows that unmixed meetings (practiced by feminists forever) make it possible to release the floor and give participants or participants self-confidence.But they bristle a lot of people, who deem them discriminatory, but who sometimes practice them without knowing it (employer assemblies, etc.).

Offensive.Said comments or attitudes lacking respect for dominated people.Example: "A Danish ice manufacturer abandons the word Eskimo, deemed offensive for the Inuit".

Pansexuality.Sexuality based on a desire for another person, whatever their gender.Not to be confused, it is a bit subtle, with bisexuality, which remains in a logic of binarity, of non-fluidity.

La suite après la publicité

Patriarchy.In the contemporary feminist sense (late 1960s), a system of domination of women by man, in all areas (political, economic, family, sexual ...).It is a social construction and not a natural fatality (as bonobos prove to us with their egalitarian society).

Féminisme, patriarcat... On a fait débattre Alice Coffin et Alain Finkielkraut

Privilege (masculine, white ...).Another way to see the discrimination, no longer from the point of view of its victims, but from the point of view of those who are on the right side of the handle.Taking advantage of the white privilege is, for example, being able to go out in the metro without being controlled by the police, without being afraid of being, without having to have your identity papers on yourself.

Pour comprendre le concept de « privilège blanc », il faut imaginer un sac à dos

Queer.Very general term (queer, in English, means "strange", but which served as a homophobic insult in the 1970s) to speak of people who are not heterosexual or not Cisgenre.The queer is to heterosexual cisgenres what racialized is to whites.

Breed.In Woke vocabulary, "race" does not have a biological meaning: it is a social imagination.It designates a category manufactured by the collective gaze.Even if they are artificially constructed, these categories have very real effects: discrimination (housing, hiring, etc.).A person perceived is racialized as belonging to a "race" (Antonym: White).

La suite après la publicité

Systemic racism (or sex).Set of references anchored in our institutions (media, cultural, political, economic, social, etc.) that maintain racism (or sexism).This racism is so anchored that one is often no longer aware of it.Example: 100 % of CAC40 patterns are white men.State racism, subcategory of systemic racism, is carried by state institutions.Example: Font facies controls.

SJW.For "Social Justice Warrior".Former pejorative appellation targeting the "wokes".

Witch.Symbol of female liberation, popularized in France by Mona Chollet in her book published in 2018, ("Witches. The undefeated power of women"): "The witch embodies women freed from all dominations, of all limitations;It is an ideal towards which tender, it shows the way.Sandrine Rousseau referred to it during her campaign of the EELV primaries in a sentence that surprised: "I prefer women who throw spells rather than men who build EPRs.»»

Les Sorcières d’Akelarre, un film réalisé par Pablo Agüero

Sorority.Female solidarity.Antonym: male fraternity.Décalque de "Sisterhoood", popularized by Robin Morgan's work, "Sisterhood is powerful", published in 1970. The idea is to underline the deception of the falsely universal word of "fraternity" and to break the organization of societyIn male clans.We are talking about "soror" behavior (= which calls on female solidarity).

La suite après la publicitéProfitez de l'offre 1€ pour 3 mois avec Google En choisissant ce parcours d’abonnement promotionnel, vous acceptez le dépôt d’un cookie d’analyse par Google.

Transidentity (or transgenderness).Having a different gender identity of the genre assigned to birth according to its biological characteristics.We are talking about transgender people.Not to be confused with intersex people, those whose anatomical characteristics do not allow them to be assigned to a "male" or "female" category (medicine tends to see a "problem", until sometimes intervene surgically onbabies, which is disputed).

Le mot « woke » suscite des passions. On vous explique ses origines

Validism (or capacitism).Translation of English, "Ableism", a concept that appeared in the 1980s. A set of prejudices and discriminating behaviors targeting people with various disabilities, considered as non -compliant with the social, even inferior standard.A properly deconstructed person will avoid the validist expressions that enamel current language: "this chef is completely autistic" "a geopolitical dwarf", "a dialogue of deaf" etc.